DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
Halo semuanya, kali ini saya akan membahas lebih dalam tentang penggunaan direct dan indirect speech. Yuk mari amati lalu praktikan ya.
A. Pengertian Direct Speech
Direct Speech adalah bentu “kalimat kutipan asli” dari pembicara atau pendapat seseorang tanpa mengalami perubahan.
Contoh Kalimat Direct Speech:
Paul said : ‘I am busy’
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Paul berkata : ‘saya sibuk’
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Jane asked me : ‘Open the door’
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Jane memohon kepada saya : ‘Buka pintu itu’
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Steven asked me : ‘What are you doing ?’
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Steven bertanya : ‘apa yang sedang kamu lakukan ?’
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Liza told me :’Read carefully’
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Liza menyuruh saya : ‘Bacalah dengan cermat’
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B. Pengertian Indirect Speech
Indirect Speech atau biasa juga disebut reported speech adalah kalimat tidak langsung atau kalimat orang lain yang diulang dalam bentuk lain oleh pembicara, tnpa menggunakan bentuk yang sama (the exact word of the speaker), tapi masih mempertahankan maksud atau isi kalimat aslinya.
Contoh Kalimat Indirect Speech:
Paul said that he was ill
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Paul berkata bahwa dia sakit
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Jene asked me to open the door
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Jane memohon kepada saya untuk membuka pintu
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Steven asked me what I was doing
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Steven bertanya apa yang sedang saya lakukan
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Liza told me to read carefully
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Liza menyuruh saya membaca dengan cermat
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C. Perubahan Direct Speech Menjadi Indirect Speech
Direct speech
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Indirect speech
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John needs help
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Edward says that John needs help
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Edward just told me that John needs help
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Edward will tell you that John needs help
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David says : ‘I like music’
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David says that he likes music
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Our teacher says : ‘you should learn well’
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Our teacher says that we should learn well
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Bob said : ‘Peter is at home’
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Bob said that Peter was at home
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Jack said : ‘My mother is ill’
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Jack said that his mother was ill
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Sonia said : ‘My sister is sleeping’
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Sonia said that her sister was sleeping
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Anne said : ‘They are reading’
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Anne said that they were raeding
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Helen said : ‘I want to buy an umbrella’
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Helen said that she wanted to buy an umbrella
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Frank said : ‘Jane will go to the beach’
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Frank said that Jane would go to the beach
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Simon said : ‘I will call you’
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Simon said that he would call me
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Laura said : ‘I have eaten a banana’
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Laura said that she had eaten a banana
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Vivian said : ‘Peter wrote a letter’
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Vivian said that Peter had written a letter
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Jim said to Jane :‘What are you reading?’
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Jim asked Jane what she was reading
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Susan said to Bill:‘Where are you going?’
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Susan asked Bill where he was going
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Eddy said to me : ‘Where is your pen ?’
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Eddy asked me where my pen was
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Lucy said to me : ‘Why doyou hate rats?’
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Lucy asked me why I hated rats
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Bob asked me : ‘Is your sister married ?’
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Bob asked me if (whether) my sister was married
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Gina asked me : ‘Are you all right ?’
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Gina asked me if (whether) I was all right
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Peter asked me : ‘Can you help me ?’
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Peter asked me if (whether) I could help him
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Betty asked me : ‘Do you want to drink?’
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Betty asked me if (whether) I wanted to drink
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Open the door, please
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He asked me to open the door
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Can you give me some money, Paul ?
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I asked Paul if he could give me some money
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Do you understand, Susan ?
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I asked Susan if she understood
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George told me : ‘Move quickly’
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George told me to move quickly
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D. Tips Mudah Memahami Direct/Indirect Speech
Bila kita bayangkan harus menghapal semua perubahan tenses wah pasti mumet bin njilmet. Bayangkan jumlah tenses ada 16, melihatnya saja pasti orang awam akan pusing, apalagi masih harus mengingat perubahannya jika dibentuk dalam Direct ke dalam bentuk Indirect Speech.
Tapi pada kesempatan ini saya berani mengatakan “TIDAK PERLU PUSING”, ga usah dihafal apalagi sampe lumer isi otak tuk mengingat dan menghapalnya. Well, pada dasarnya perubahan Direct/Indirect Speech hanya terjadi dalam 2 pola:
Note:
- Kata kerja yang dirubah hanyalah yang jatuh setelah Subjek
- Kalau sudah Past Perfect (past perfect/past perfect continous) berarti sudah mentok, tidak bisa di ubah lagi.
Contoh Pertama:
Perubahan yang sebenarnya terjadi adalah Present Perfect tense –> Past Perfect tense. Tapi dengan hanya mengganti kata setelah subjek kita tidak perlu pusing-pusing untuk menghafalkan perubahan tenses tersebut.
Contoh kedua:
Perubahan yang terjadi sebenarnya adalah dari Simple Past tense menjadi Past Perfect tense.
Contoh Ketiga:
Perubahan yang terjadi adalah future perfect tense menjadi Past future perfect tense. Tapi sekali lagi kita tidak perlu menghafalkannya, cukup memahami pola prinsip yang saya tulis di atas. semoga cara ini bermanfaat untuk membantuk memahami direct/indirect speech.
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